Scientific Center of Innovative Research OÜ https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book <p><strong>“Scientific Center of Innovative Research” OÜ </strong>was founded in Estonia in 2019. The company is a privately owned commercial organization funded by the Article Processing Fee for open access journals, book publishing, grants for scientific resaerch, consultancy and other services, advertising and other activities.</p> en-US <div class="copyright_notice"> <p>The monographs and chapters are copyrighted by the author(s) under CC Attribution 4.0.</p> <p>Detailed information at the Creative Commons site: <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</a></p> </div> <p> </p> office@scnchub.com (Iryna Mihus) office@scnchub.com (Iryna Mihus) OMP 3.3.0.13 http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss 60 4th International conference on corporation management https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/35 <p style="font-weight: 400;"><em>Welcome to the International Conference on Corporation Management. It is a pleasure and an honor to have you join us from around the globe as we embark on this journey to explore and discuss the evolving landscapes of corporate management.</em></p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><em>In today’s rapidly changing business environment, the need for innovative management practices has never been more pressing. This conference serves as a crucible for ideas, where thought leaders, practitioners, academics, and policy makers come together to share insights, research, and best practices.</em></p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><em>As we navigate through the complexities of digital transformations, sustainability challenges, and new governance structures, it is your insights and contributions that will propel our discussions forward. </em></p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><em>For the fourth year in a row, we are holding the International Conference on Corporate Management in an online format. Every year, the circle of our participants expands and the number of countries and universities they represent grows.</em></p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><em>I hope that our International Conference on Corporate Management (ICCM) will continue to be a place to discuss issues related to corporate governance, in the context of management, finance, accounting, taxation, law and psychology and stakeholder relations for many years to come.</em></p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><em>Thank you for your commitment to shaping the future of corporate governance and we appreciate your productive participation in the conference.</em></p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><em>&nbsp;</em></p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><em>We open the world of science together!</em></p> Iryna Mihus Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/35 Fri, 26 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0300 Conflict management https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/34 <p><em>The textbook is the result of many years of experience in teaching the discipline "Conflict Management". The authors presented the basics of conflictology as a science, the theoretical foundations of the study of conflictology, types of conflicts and their causes, dynamics and mechanisms of conflict, the process of conflict management, methods and forms of conflict management, conflict prevention and regulation, conflict resolution strategies. Tasks for students' independent work and a terminological dictionary are presented separately. The publication is intended for scientists, civil servants, teachers and students of higher education institutions, practitioners, and a wide range of readers who are interested in the problems of conflict management.</em></p> Zinaida Zhyvko, Iryna Mihus, Andriy Tkachuk; Tetiana Holovach; Svitlana Rodchenko, Anastasiia Shehynska Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/34 Thu, 15 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0200 Business model innovation in the digital economy https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/33 <p>In the ever-evolving landscape of the global economy, the digital revolution has ushered in a new era of unprecedented opportunities and challenges for businesses. As organizations grapple with the transformative forces of technology, connectivity, and data, the need for innovative and adaptive business models has become paramount. This monograph, titled "Business Model Innovation in the Digital Economy," delves into the intricacies of this dynamic shift, exploring the ways in which enterprises can navigate and thrive in the complex terrain of the digital age. The digital economy, characterized by rapid technological advancements, interconnected ecosystems, and data-driven decision-making, demands a fundamental reevaluation of traditional business models. This monograph seeks to unravel the complexities associated with this paradigm shift, offering insights into the unique opportunities and disruptions that the digital era presents. As businesses grapple with the convergence of industries, the rise of platform-based models, and the increasing influence of artificial intelligence, the imperative for innovative business models is more pressing than ever before. Our exploration begins by examining the foundational concepts of business model innovation, laying the groundwork for a comprehensive understanding of its significance in the digital context. From the evolution of traditional models to the emergence of disruptive innovations, we trace the historical trajectory that has brought us to the current crossroads. Drawing on a diverse array of case studies, real-world examples, and expert analyses, this monograph strives to illuminate the diverse strategies employed by organizations to adapt and thrive in the digital economy. Whether through the integration of cutting-edge technologies, the development of agile and customer-centric approaches, or the cultivation of collaborative ecosystems, businesses are confronted with a myriad of options to redefine their value propositions. Furthermore, we explore the role of leadership, culture, and organizational dynamics in fostering an environment conducive to continuous business model innovation. Recognizing that the journey towards digital transformation is as much about mindset as it is about technology, we delve into the human elements that underpin successful adaptation. As we embark on this intellectual exploration, our goal is to provide scholars, business leaders, and practitioners with a comprehensive and insightful guide to navigating the complexities of business model innovation in the digital economy. By synthesizing theoretical frameworks with practical applications, this monograph aims to contribute to the ongoing discourse surrounding the evolution of business models in an era defined by perpetual change and technological acceleration.</p> Iryna Mihus, Sandeep Kumar Gupta, Yana Koval, Oleksandr Pravdyvets, Oleksandr Zakharov, Olha Pylypenko, Ihor Rumyk, Iryna Radionova, Oleksii Akulov, Iuliia Kostynets, Igor Korzhevskyi, Valeriia Kostynets, Zinaida Zhyvko, Svitlana Rodchenko; Tetiana Holovach Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/33 Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0200 3nd International conference on economics, accounting and finance https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/32 <p><em>The economic system is the basis of the development of any state. And economic relations between various subjects directly affect the development of society as a whole.</em></p> <p><em>Economic crises that arise from time to time in various countries cannot be stopped without knowledge of economics, accounting and finance. Our conference is dedicated to these issues.</em></p> <p><em>For the third year in a row, we organize and hold an online conference, presenting the results of research on an open access platform on our website.</em></p> <p><em>During the 3rd International Conference on Economics, Accounting and Finance (ICEAF), the key speakers were academics who talked about the possibilities of using digital technologies in finance, public administration, economics, management and education.</em></p> <p><em>The traditional continuation of the conference was the workshop "Funding for participation in international networking through the COST Actions", which allowed participants to acquire skills in submitting applications for funding for participation in scientific events.</em></p> <p><em>I hope that our annual International Conference on Economics, Accounting and Finance (ICEAF) continues to bring together scholars from around the world as a platform to discuss contemporary challenges in economics, accounting and finance.</em></p> <p><em>As the Chair of the International Conference on Economics, Accounting and Finance (ICEAF), it is my great honor and pleasure to welcome you all to the third edition of our conference!</em></p> Iryna Mihus Copyright (c) 2023 Scientific Center of Innovative Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/32 Fri, 15 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0200 3nd International Conference on Relationship between public administration and business entities management https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/31 <p><em>Every country is constantly concerned about both public administration and the interaction between public authorities and various economic entities.</em></p> <p><em>The 3nd International Conference aimed to discuss key issues of the relationship between public administration and business entities management.</em></p> <p><em>Scientists from different countries took part in our conference and discussed topical issues of General principles and practice of public administration.</em></p> <p><em>Particular attention was paid to indicators of activity of public and private enterprises, such as: management, accounting, taxation, audit, economics and finance.</em></p> <p><em>No less important for the further development of public administration is the establishment of the main problems and perspectives of reform.</em></p> <p><em>I sincerely thank all the scientists for the submitted materials and I hope our International Conference on Relationship between public administrationand business entities management (RPABM) will continue be an annual venue for discussing about public administrationand business entities management.</em></p> <p><em>As Chair of the 3nd International Conference on Relationship between public administrationand business entities management (RPABM) it is my great pleasure and honor to welcome you all to the second edition of our conference!</em></p> Iryna Mihus Copyright (c) 2023 Scientific Center of Innovative Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/31 Fri, 24 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0200 3rd International conference on corporation management https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/30 <p><em>Most companies are created as corporations, which have their own unique characteristics of conducting business, managing finances, and interacting with stakeholders.</em></p> <p><em>The value of a corporation depends not only on its profitability, but also on other factors, such as the relationship between the state, shareholders, banks and employees.</em></p> <p><em>For the third year in a row, we are holding the International Conference on Corporate Governance in an online format. Every year, the circle of our participants expands and the number of countries and universities they represent grows.</em></p> <p><em>A special feature of the third International Conference on Corporate Management is the participation of the University (Poland) and the University (India).</em></p> <p><em>During the conference, issues of corporate governance were discussed in the context of management, finance, accounting, taxation, law and psychology.</em></p> <p><em>I sincerely thank all scientists for the materials provided and I hope that everyone enjoyed the seminar "Corporate well-being as the energy of business" by Iryna Burlakova, doctor of psychological sciences, professor, certified business coach.</em></p> <p><em>I hope that our International Conference on Corporate Governance (ICCM) will be the place to discuss issues related to corporate governance and stakeholder relations for many years to come.</em></p> <p><em>As the chairman of the 3rd International Conference on Corporate Governance (ICCM), I have great joy and honor to welcome you all to the third edition of our conference!</em></p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><em>Iryna Mihus,&nbsp; 3rd ICCM’2023&nbsp; Chair</em></p> <p><em>P</em><em>üssi</em><em>, Estonia on June 29, 2023</em></p> Iryna Mihus Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/30 Thu, 29 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0300 The development of innovations and financial technology in the digital economy https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/29 <p><em>One of the main trends in the development of modern society is the penetration of information technologies into various spheres of human activity. Informatization is becoming such an important factor in increasing labor productivity and improving the quality of life that the changes taking place are considered by researchers as the onset of a new era of economic development, which is characterized in the literature by the term "digital economy".</em></p> <p><em>Despite the large-scale research conducted by scientists and experts, the problems of the digital economy constantly arouse lively interest.</em></p> <p><em>The first section "THE DIGITAL ECONOMY: DEFINITIONS, STRUCTURE AND FEATURES" examines the issue of modern trends in the development of innovations in the digital economy through the prism of the management of the economic security of the state; the main trends of the development of the digital economy in the EU countries; certain aspects of the post-war recovery of Ukraine's digital infrastructure; formation and development of digital competencies in the conditions of digitalization of society.</em></p> <p><em>In the second section "</em><em>THE DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIONS IN THE DIGITAL ECONOMY</em><em>" the issue of prospects and threats of digitalization as an innovative factor of modern business development is investigated; management of innovative processes in the business environment in conditions of digitalization of the economy; organization and implementation of electronic document flow at enterprises as a way to digitize the information space of accounting and taxation; increasing the information and digital competence of teachers in the conditions of digitization of education.</em></p> <p><em>The third section "</em><em>THE DEVELOPMENT OF FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY IN THE DIGITAL ECONOMY</em><em>" examines the development of innovative business companies and the fintech industry in the digital economy; advantages and disadvantages of blockchain technology in the digital economy; the main trends in the development of blockchain technologies and the prospects of their use for fraud protection.</em></p> <p><em>We hope that our monograph will help to take a comprehensive look at the problems and prospects of the development of the digital economy.</em></p> <p><em>&nbsp;</em></p> <p><em>Editor-in-Chief,&nbsp;</em><em>Dr. Science (Economics), P</em><em>rofessor,&nbsp;</em><em>Mykola Denysenko</em></p> Mykola Denysenko; Svitlana Breus, Iryna Mihus, Sandeep Kumar Gupta, Danyila Oliinyk, Danyil Nizhnyi, Zinaida Zhyvko, Nina Petrukha, Volodymyr Panchenko, Yana Dovhenko, Yana Koval, Alona Zahorodnia, Alexander Bradul, Liudmyla Burkova, Vira Shepeliuk, Olha Pylypenko, Oleksandr Shuliak, Ihor Rumyk, Ivan Melnichenko, Volodymyr Marchenko, Alla Dombrovska, Hisham Jadallah Mansour Shakhatreh Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/29 Sat, 10 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0300 Enterprise security management https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/16 <p>In recent decades, the use of the concept of “security” has expanded significantly. Security issues are the subject of the increased attention of scientists, politicians, and public figures. And this is not accidental but is explained by the peculiarities of the current state of social development. Back in the mid-80s of the last century, a new sociological theory emerged, according to which in the last third of the XX century humanity entered a new phase of its development – the risk society. It was supported by several foreign and domestic experts in the field of risk, believing that the next stage would be a risk management society. In a broad sense, the risk is combined with danger, the probability of an undesirable event occurring. Therefore, it is clear that, to a large extent, ensuring security is risk management.</p> <p>According to the Great Explanatory Dictionary of the Modern Ukrainian Language, “security” is a state when nothing threatens someone for some reason. Following the Explanatory Dictionary of V. Dahl, secure means not dangerous, not threatening, not harmful, preserving, faithful, and reliable.</p> <p>Security – the absence of danger; preservation; reliability. To ensure safety means to save, to ensure the absence of danger.</p> <p>Thus, in the absolute sense, the meaning of the word “security” is a state with no dangers. However, this is hardly possible in the real world.</p> <p>Here are some definitions found in the scientific literature.</p> <p>Security is the ability of an object, phenomenon, or process to retain its essence and main characteristics under the conditions of a purposeful, destructive impact from outside or within the object, phenomenon, or process itself.</p> <p>Security – protection against threats at the system level.</p> <p>The security of the object is the protection of vital interests of the object from both internal and external threats.</p> <p>Security is defined primarily as measures or actions that ensure prevention and prompt response to relevant threats for the sake of safe functioning.</p> <p>Therefore, today the concept of “security” is interpreted not only as the absence of dangers and threats.</p> <p>Security is a state of protection of an individual, society, or state from external and internal dangers and threats, based on the activities of people, society, the state, and the world community of peoples to identify (study), prevent, mitigate, eliminate (liquidate) and repel dangers and threats capable of destroying them, depriving them of fundamental material and spiritual values, inflicting unacceptable (inadmissible objectively and subjectively) damage, blocking the way for survival and development.</p> <p>Economic security is the most important qualitative characteristic of an economic system, which determines its ability to maintain normal operating conditions; sustainable resource provision and development, as well as consistent implementation of economic interests.</p> <p>In the scientific literature, the concept of “security” is often associated with the concept of sustainability, and stability. Sustainability is a necessary condition for the security of economic systems.</p> <p>The concept of “security” is also interconnected with the concept of “development”. In a general sense, development is an irreversible, purposeful, regular change in matter and consciousness. The development of the economic system is impossible without its security.</p> <p>In the textbook “Enterprise Security Management” it is proposed to consider some issues that are important for providing the enterprise, its staff and will help create the basis for the formation of an enterprise management system.</p> <p>The purpose of ensuring the economic security of the enterprise is to achieve high efficiency and stability of its operation and create prerequisites for further development through the timely identification, localization, and prevention of external and internal threats.</p> <p>While preparing the textbook, the educational and methodological literature on the economic security of an enterprise, personnel security management, security of mass events, and competitive intelligence was used.</p> Zinaida Zhyvko, Tetiana Holovach, Volodymyr Panchenko, Volodymyr Hobela, Halyna Leskiv, Svitlana Rodchenko, Mykhailo Zhyvko Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/16 Thu, 01 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0300 2nd International Conference on Relationship between public administration and business entities management https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/15 <p><em>Every country is constantly concerned about both public administration and the interaction between public authorities and various economic entities.</em></p> <p><em>The 2nd International Conference aimed to discuss key issues of the relationship between public administration and business entities management.</em></p> <p><em>Scientists from different countries took part in our conference and discussed topical issues of General principles and practice of public administration.</em></p> <p><em>Particular attention was paid to indicators of activity of public and private enterprises, such as: management, accounting, taxation, audit, economics and finance.</em></p> <p><em>No less important for the further development of public administration is the establishment of the main problems and perspectives of reform.</em></p> <p><em>I sincerely thank all the scientists for the submitted materials and I hope our International Conference on Relationship between public administrationand business entities management (RPABM) will continue be an annual venue for discussing about public administrationand business entities management.</em></p> <p><em>As Chair of the 2nd International Conference on Relationship between public administrationand business entities management (RPABM) it is my great pleasure and honor to welcome you all to the second edition of our conference!</em></p> Iryna Mihus Copyright (c) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/15 Sat, 12 Nov 2022 00:00:00 +0200 Надання безоплатної правової допомоги в Україні: адміністративно-правові засади https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/13 <p><em>Ще донедавна юридичні консультації, захист та представництво для багатьох громадян України були складно досяжною послугою. Багато українців, зокрема з числа вразливих верств населення, просто не мали змоги оплачувати послуги адвоката або ж були позбавлені доступу до правової допомоги, що зумовлювало неможливість фахового представництва в суді. Така ситуація створювала нерівні умови та не сприяла довірі громадян до державних установ загалом та, зокрема, вірі у справедливість системи правосуддя, що є важливим для розвитку ефективних механізмів реалізації демократії. </em></p> <p><em>У Резолюції 1466 (2005) Парламентської Асамблеї Ради Європи «Про виконання обов’язків та зобов’язань Україною» було закріплено зобов’язання щодо покращення доступу до правосуддя шляхом запровадження системи безоплатної правової допомоги (БПД) у відповідності до стандартів Ради Європи та практики Європейського Суду з прав людини. </em></p> <p><em>З ухваленням Закону України «Про безоплатну правову допомогу» в червні 2011 року Україна взяла на себе зобов’язання щодо правового захисту вразливих верств населення і покращення доступу до правосуддя шляхом надання безоплатної правової допомоги. Закон був реалізований поетапно: з моменту набрання ним чинності (8 липня 2011 року) усі особи, які перебувають під юрисдикцією України (включно з іноземцями та особами без громадянства), отримали можливість реалізувати право на безоплатну первинну правову допомогу, з 1 січня 2013 року доступ до безоплатної вторинної правової допомоги отримали затримані, арештовані, підозрювані та обвинувачені, а з жовтня 2014 року – деякі категорії осіб, засуджених до позбавлення чи обмеження волі. З 1 липня 2015 року безоплатну вторинну правову допомогу отримують всі суб’єкти відповідного права, визначені Законом.</em></p> <p><em>Не дивлячись на те, що система безоплатної правової допомоги функціонує близько семи років, практика свідчить, що вона перебуває на етапі становлення, зокрема не досягнуто рівня європейських стандартів забезпечення доступу особи до правосуддя та якості правових послуг. Відповідно описувана сфера в окресленому аспекті потребує удосконалення, а саме: 1)&nbsp;</em><em>переорієнтації системи БПД з надання правової допомоги окремим фізичним особам на посилення правової спроможності та правових можливостей територіальних громад; 2) створення ефективної системи управління правовими знаннями та розвиток людського потенціалу правничої спільноти та партнерських мереж системи БПД; 3) децентралізації системи БПД у цивільних та адміністративних справах, а також пілотування моделі офісів громадського захисту у кримінальних провадженнях; 4) розбудови комплексної інформаційно-аналітичної системи забезпечення надання безоплатної правової допомоги тощо.</em></p> <p><em>Окремі аспекти описуваної проблематики досліджували: М.&nbsp;М.&nbsp;Антонович, Є.&nbsp;Ю. Бова, О.&nbsp;Д. Бойков, Т.&nbsp;В. Варфоломеєва, Є.&nbsp;В.&nbsp;Васьковський, Т.&nbsp;Б. Вільчик, О.&nbsp;О. Воронов, О.&nbsp;П. Галоганов, О.&nbsp;О.&nbsp;Говоруха, В.&nbsp;Г.&nbsp;Гончаренко, А.&nbsp;В. Козьміних, І.&nbsp;М. Козьков, В.&nbsp;С. Личко, Р.&nbsp;Г.&nbsp;Мельніченко, К.&nbsp;С.&nbsp;Пащенко, С.&nbsp;В. Прилуцький, М.&nbsp;І. Рішко, Н.&nbsp;Ю. Сакара, О.&nbsp;Д. Святоцький, Є.&nbsp;Г. Тарло, Л.&nbsp;В. Тацій, П.&nbsp;В. Хотенець, Ю.&nbsp;Т. Шрамко, О.&nbsp;Г.&nbsp;Яновська та інші науковці. В свою чергу представники адміністративно-правової науки майже не приділили увагу адміністративно-правовим засадам надання безоплатної правової допомоги, дослідження даного питання мають фрагментарний характер та переважно обмежуються сферою діяльності суб’єктів надання такої допомоги (публікації О. В. Анпілогова, О.&nbsp;М.&nbsp;Бандурки, А. О. Галая, О. Ю. Синявської, К. О. Струкової).</em></p> <p><em>Більше того, у зв’язку з прийняттям змін до Конституції України щодо правосуддя (Закон України від 2 червня 2016 року № 1401-VIII), особливого значення набула норма наступного змісту: </em><em>«Виключно адвокат здійснює представництво іншої особи в суді, а також захист від кримінального обвинувачення». Очевидно, що названі зміни значним чином позначилися на організаційно-правових основах надання безоплатної правової допомоги.</em></p> <p><em>Таким чином, недостатня розробленість на теоретичному рівні, наявність практичних правових питань, а також необхідність проведення комплексного дослідження проблем адміністративно-правових засад надання безоплатної правової допомоги в Україні обумовили вибір теми дисертації.</em></p> <p><em>&nbsp;</em><em>Отже, розробка проблематики адміністративно-правових засад надання безоплатної правової допомоги в Україні набуває нового теоретичного і прикладного змісту. Саме розкриттю сутності та особливостей адміністративно-правових засад надання безоплатної правової допомоги в Україні і присвячена дана робота.</em></p> <p><em>Монографія спрямована на виконання теми </em><em>комплексної науково-дослідної роботи кафедри державно-правових дисциплін, кримінального права і процесу Харківського національного педагогічного університету імені Г. С. Сковороди «Правові проблеми європейської інтеграції держави і права України» (державний реєстраційний номер 0121U110256), </em><em>що виконуються в межах тематичного плану фундаментальних наукових досліджень.</em></p> <p><em>Авторський колектив висловлює щиру вдячність вельмишановним рецензентам, а також усім, хто долучився до обговорення монографії, за критичні зауваження та практичні поради, які дозволили суттєво підвищити якість наукового доробку і практичну цінність результатів наукового дослідження.</em></p> Volodymyr Marchenko, Olena Sinyavska, Etibar Magharramli Copyright (c) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/13 Tue, 28 Jun 2022 00:00:00 +0300 2nd International conference on corporation management https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/14 <p><em>The most companies are created as corporations, which have their own unique features of doing business, financial management and interaction with stakeholders.&nbsp;</em><em>The value of a corporation depends not only on its profitability, but also on other factors, which are the relationship between the state, shareholders, banks and employees.</em></p> <p><em>For the second year in a row, we are holding the 2nd International Conference on Corporate Management in an online format. Every year, the circle of our participants expands and the number of countries and universities they represent grows.</em></p> <p><em>This year, the conference became not only international, but also interdisciplinary, as it discussed issues of corporate governance in the context of not only finance and management, but also in the context of economic security, law and psychology.</em></p> <p><em>I sincerely thank all the scientists for the submitted materials and I hope that everyone liked the seminar "Corporate well-being as the energy of business" by Irina Burlakova, Doctor of Science (Psychology), Professor,</em> <em>Professor of the Department of Psychology and Pedagogy, Dnipropetrovsk State University of Internal Affairs, Ukraine.</em></p> <p><em>I hope that our International Conference on Corporate Management (ICCM) will be an annual place to discuss issues related to corporate management and stakeholder relations.</em></p> <p><em>As Chairman of the 2<sup>nd</sup> International Conference on Corporate Management (ICCM), I have the great pleasure and honor to welcome you all to the first edition of our conference!</em></p> <p><em>&nbsp;</em></p> <p><em>Iryna Mihus, </em><em>&nbsp;2<sup>nd</sup> ICCM</em><em>’202</em><em>2 </em><em>&nbsp;Chair</em></p> <p><em>Banská Bystrica, Slovakia on May 19</em><em>, 202</em><em>2</em></p> Iryna Mihus Copyright (c) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/14 Thu, 19 May 2022 00:00:00 +0300 The economics of uncertainty: content, evaluation, and regulation https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/12 <p><em>From the title of this monograph, it is clear that it discloses the issue of uncertainty in the economic sphere. The meaning of the authors of this work in the concept of </em><em>«</em><em>economic uncertainty</em><em>»</em><em> is revealed by the actual content (structure) of the monograph. A special (1st) section of the monograph is devoted to the interpretation of this content. But, despite the obvious things, there is another unobvious aspect of uncertainty in the monograph. It was mentioned by the world-renowned Ukrainian economist M.I. Tuhan-Baranovskyi in the early twentieth century. In the fundamental work </em><em>«</em><em>Fundamentals of Political Economy</em><em>»</em><em>, explaining what economic activity is, he noted the following: </em><em>«</em><em>… Ambiguity at this ascending point should bring uncertainty to everything else</em><em>»</em><em>. That is, uncertainty is presented here as a consequence (result) of ambiguity. The latter is synonymous with ignorance, inexplicability, and lack of recognized principles of cognition and interpretation. Ambiguity continues to produce economic uncertainty. In particular, this relationship between ambiguity and economic uncertainty is realized in the Ukrainian economy. Therefore, by seeking to understand, explain, and apply certain principles of research of the national economy, the authors of this monograph eventually help to limit uncertainty.</em></p> <p><em>In fact, the construction, i.e. the structure of this work, reflects the approach developed by the authors regarding economic uncertainty content explanation. Therefore, we focus readers’ attention on this construction.</em></p> <p><em>First, the structure of the monograph presents two levels of manifestation, respectively, the levels of research and awareness of economic uncertainty: general and special. The general level, which concerns the economy as a whole and is related to the system of public management, is mostly presented in chapters 1-7. Instead, the special one, which is manifested in the organization of certain types of business activities and in its specific areas, is presented mainly in chapters 8-14. It is clear that such a division into general and special is quite conditional. After all, the connection, dependence and mutual penetration of these two levels are indisputable. Differentiation of such levels of uncertainty, on the other hand, becomes necessary, at least in terms of the necessity to apply a recognized ontological (cognitive) principle.</em></p> <p><em>Second, the monograph is constructed in such a way that its chapters reflect the real and current manifestations of economic uncertainty, on the one hand, and the tools of its (uncertainty) research and limitations, on the other.</em></p> <p><em>The following manifestations of uncertainty relevant for the Ukrainian economy are presented in the monograph:</em></p> <ul> <li><em>macro-financial imbalances for which prevention and effective response structures have yet to be built (chapter 3);</em></li> <li><em>contradictory educational policy, which does not ensure the accumulation of human capital, in accordance with the needs of the economy and society (chapter 4);</em></li> <li><em>permanent reproduction of the shadow economy with its inherent illegal proceeds of crime (chapter 7);</em></li> <li><em>unnaturally limited and, therefore, insufficient competitiveness of the entire national economy, individual industries and enterprises (chapter 9);</em></li> <li><em>excessive tax surplus, which discourages producers and taxpayers (chapter 11);</em></li> <li><em>ineffectiveness, mostly, formality of efforts to move from a traditional to an innovative model of the economy (chapter 12);</em></li> <li><em>social exclusion – the lack of necessary involvement of certain groups and strata of society in economic, social, and political life (chapter 13);</em></li> <li><em>artificially slow formation of the infrastructure of one of the most important sectoral markets in the national economy – the real estate market (chapter 14)</em><em>.</em></li> </ul> <p><em>The following tools have been partially applied as well as the possibility of using them in the analysis and in response to scale changes have been studied:&nbsp;</em></p> <ul> <li><em>foresight as a way of modeling the future and implementing its individual elements in today’s life of communities and society (chapter 2);</em></li> <li><em>large databases (Data Base) as a tool for making management decisions on the basis of identifying non-obvious (hidden), but actually existing significant dependencies (chapter 5);</em></li> <li><em>methods of qualitative assessment of corporate management of joint-stock companies and their combination with methods of quantitative assessment (chapter 6);</em></li> <li><em>comprehensive methods of analyzing the efficiency of enterprises with an emphasis on assessing uncertainty (risks) (chapter 8);</em></li> <li><em>relevant methods of real estate appraisal, able to ensure maximum consideration of the specifics of a particular stage of economic development (chapter10).</em></li> </ul> <p><em>This study focuses on one of the industry markets. This is the real estate market, the organization of which is covered in three chapters (chapters 4, 10, 14). This emphasis is explained not only by objective, but also by subjective circumstances. The four co-authors of this monograph not only teach disciplines related to the real estate market in the educational programs of the Department of Theoretical and Applied Economics of KROK University, but also have extensive working experience in this market. </em></p> <p><em>The monograph is the result of a collective study on </em><em>«</em><em>The national economy and the economies of sectoral markets under the conditions of institutional uncertainty</em><em>»</em><em> №0120U100086.</em></p> <p><em>The authors of the monograph are grateful to KROK University for the opportunity to publish the research results in the form of a monograph.</em></p> <p><em>We hope for the response of the scientific and student community, management specialists to the publication of this monograph. We expect a critical but fair assessment of the results of the author’s team. We would appreciate such an assessment and suggestions for improving the conten</em><em>.</em></p> Iryna Radionova; Larysa Yemelianenko, Kseniia Zakharova, Yuliia Malkovska, Vira Usyk, Viktor Dziubko, Yana Fareniuk, Iryna Mihus, Yana Koval, Olesia Ananieva, Myroslava Hofmann, Halyna Pekna, Vita Andrieieva, Denys Potapenko, Iryna Trots, Olena Krasota, Anatolii Topal, Yurii Pita Copyright (c) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/12 Fri, 18 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200 A STRATEGY TO INCREASE THE COMPETITIVENESS OF АGRO-INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/10 <p><em>The need for stabilization and development of agro-industrial enterprises, </em><em>especially </em><em>of the poultry processing sector, market saturation with domestic and imported goods, Ukraine's entry to the WTO as well as increased consumer requirements for quality and safety of products increase competition in the market of poultry meat. This necessitates the </em><em>implementation of modern technologies into the market behavior of enterprises </em><em>processing poultry meat</em><em>, and the elaboration and implementation of a strategy aimed at achieving their strong competitive advantages should be an integral condition for the development of the enterprise.</em></p> <p><em>Creation of competitive advantages is the purpose of the enterprise’s strategic management, the determining factor of increasing its competitiveness. For this purpose, domestic enterprises both in domestic and foreign markets need effective tools of strategic management, which are used in the process of building a scientifically based strategy to increase their competitiveness. Its development, taking into account the operating specifics and factors ensuring competitive advantages of enterprises processing poultry meat, requires a systematic reasoning for the choice of the mechanism of its formation. </em></p> <p><em>In literature on economics, considerable attention is given to the problems of securing the competitive advantages of enterprises. Important scientific contributions to the development of the theory and practice of competitiveness, as an element of the enterprise’s strategic management, was made by well-known foreign and domestic scientists, in particular G. Azoiev, S. Anokhin, O. Arfiev, I. Bily, I. Blank, Y.</em><em>&nbsp;</em><em>Brigkham, V. Vasylenko, O. Vykhansky, V. Ivanov, S. Kozlovsky, L. Kostyrko, S. Pokropyvny, M. Porter, R. Solow, A. Thompson, J. Schumpeter, A. Yudanov and others. </em></p> <p><em>To the study of theory, methodology and formation of strategies to achieve competitive advantages, especially in agricultural enterprises in the conditions of increased competition, are devoted works by T. Akymova, V. Andriychuk, L.</em><em>&nbsp;</em><em>Berezina, I. Vinichenko, O. Honcharenko, P. Makarenko, M. Malik, L. Melnyk, L.</em><em>&nbsp;</em><em>Marmul, L. Mykhailova, O. Oliynyk, P. Sabluk, O. Skydan, I. Cherven, O.</em><em>&nbsp;</em><em>Shpychak, O. Shubravska, O. Ulianchenko and others.</em></p> <p><em>However, the issues of a systematic approach to </em><em>building a strategy to increase the competitiveness of agro-industrial enterprises remain insufficiently investigated, as well as the research into its role of ensuring sustainable development of business entities, the use of internal marketing tools for the development of a company’s key competencies, the development of management tools and effective ways of ensuring the effective managerial process, taking into account the specific economic activities of enterprises engaged in poultry meat processing. The above-mentioned necessitated a separate scientific research.</em></p> Anatolii Kobets, Igor Vinichenko, Oksana Honcharenko, Larysa Kurbatska, Alla Sitkovska, Olena Pavlenko Copyright (c) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/10 Wed, 01 Dec 2021 00:00:00 +0200 2nd International conference on economics, accounting and finance https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/11 <p><em>The economic system is the basis of development of any state. And economic relations between different actors directly affect the development of society as a whole.</em></p> <p><em>The economic crises that arise from time to time in different countries cannot be stopped without knowledge of economics, accounting and finance. Our conference is dedicated to these issues.</em></p> <p><em>Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we are holding our conference online for the second year in a row.</em></p> <p><em>During the 2nd International Conference on Economics, Accounting and Finance (ICEAF), keynote speakers were scholars who spoke about the possibilities of using blockchain technologies in finance, public administration, intellectual property protection and education.</em></p> <p><em>The traditional continuation of the conference was the workshop "Blockchain </em><em>technology and its role in economic and social processes" by Vasyl Moskov, Ph.D. professor, rector of </em><em>Academy of International Business and Technology</em> <em>(Prague, Czech Republic).</em></p> <p><em>I hope that our International Conference on Economics, Accounting and Finance (ICEAF) will be an annual platform for discussing economics, accounting and finance.</em></p> <p><em>As Chair of the International Conference on Economics, Accounting and Finance (ICEAF), it is a great pleasure and honor to welcome you all to the first edition of our conference!</em></p> <p><em>&nbsp;</em></p> <p><em>Tallinn, Estonia</em></p> <p><em>November 05, 2021</em></p> Iryna Mihus Copyright (c) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/11 Thu, 25 Nov 2021 00:00:00 +0200 II International Conference on Academic integrity in public administration and educational institutions https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/8 <p><em>Everyone knows that the educational environment sets requirements, rules, and procedures for conducting research and starting students. It is the stakeholders of the educational environment (the state, employers, parents, students) who determine how the learning process should be built and what competencies a student should possess after graduation. All stakeholders agree that the educational process must be built on the principle of academic integrity.</em></p> <p><em>What is academic integrity?</em></p> <p><em>The answer to this question was sought by the participants of the conference.</em></p> <p><em>As it turned out, academic integrity is connected not only with issues of prevention of plagiarism in scientific works, but also with teaching at school, presentation of results of scientific works by researches, relations between teacher and student, state regulation of </em><em>economic, </em><em>education</em><em>al and other</em><em> relations.</em></p> <p><em>The International Conference on Academic Integrity in Public Administration and Education (APAEI) is being held for the second time and is an annual place to discuss academic integrity.</em></p> <p><em>As Chair of the </em><em>International Conference on Academic integrity in public administration and educational institutions (APAEI)</em><em> it is my great pleasure and honor to welcome you all to the first edition of our conference!</em></p> Iryna Mihus Copyright (c) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/8 Fri, 28 May 2021 00:00:00 +0300 Relationship between public administration and business entities management https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/7 <p><strong>INTRADUCTION</strong></p> <p><em>Every country is constantly concerned about both public administration and the interaction between public authorities and various economic entities.&nbsp;</em><em>The International Conference aimed to discuss key issues of the relationship between public administration and business entities management.&nbsp;</em><em>Scientists from different countries took part in our conference and discussed topical issues of General principles and practice of public administration.&nbsp;</em><em>Particular attention was paid to indicators of activity of public and private enterprises, such as: management, accounting, taxation, audit, economics and finance.&nbsp;</em><em>No less important for the further development of public administration is the establishment of the main problems and perspectives of reform.</em></p> <p><em>I sincerely thank all the scientists for the submitted materials and I hope</em><em>,</em><em>&nbsp; our </em><em>International Conference on </em><em>Relationship between public administrationand business entities management (RPABM)</em> <em>will become an annual venue for discussing about </em><em>public administrationand business entities management</em><em>.</em></p> <p><em>As Chair of the </em><em>International Conference on </em><em>Relationship between public administrationand business entities management (RPABM)</em> <em>it is my great pleasure and honor to welcome you all to the first edition of our conference!</em></p> <p><em>&nbsp;</em></p> <p><em>Iryna Mihus,</em> <em>&nbsp;</em><em>RPABM</em><em> Chair</em></p> Iryna Mihus Copyright (c) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/7 Fri, 26 Mar 2021 00:00:00 +0200 International Conference on Corporation Management (ICCM) https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/6 <p><strong><em>INTRODUCTION</em></strong></p> <p><strong>&nbsp;</strong></p> <p><em>The most companies are created as corporations, which have their own unique features of doing business, financial management and interaction with stakeholders.</em></p> <p><em>The value of a corporation depends not only on its profitability, but also on other factors, which are the relationship between the state, shareholders, banks and employees.</em></p> <p><em>Our conference was dedicated to these issues, which, despite the COVID-19 pandemic, we decided to hold on December 3-05, 2020 online in Tallinn, Estonia.</em></p> <p><em>I sincerely thank all the scientists for the submitted materials and I hope that everyone liked the seminar "Corporate well-being as the energy of business" by Irina Burlakova, Doctor of Science (Psychology), Associate Professor.</em></p> <p><em>I hope that our International Conference on Corporate Management (ICCM) will be an annual place to discuss issues related to corporate management and stakeholder relations.</em></p> <p><em>As Chairman of the International Conference on Corporate Management (ICCM), I have the great pleasure and honor to welcome you all to the first edition of our conference!</em></p> <p><em>&nbsp;</em></p> <p><em>Tallinn</em><em>, </em><em>Estonia on December 03-05</em><em>, 2020</em></p> <p><em>&nbsp;</em><em>Iryna Mihus, </em><em>&nbsp;ICCM</em><em>’2020</em> <em>&nbsp;Chair</em></p> Iryna Mihus Copyright (c) 2020 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/6 Mon, 14 Dec 2020 00:00:00 +0200 Public administration in the digital economy https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/3 <p><em>In the conditions of transformation of social and political processes the public administration differentiates and integrates problems which form its structural maintenance - activity of the power and its relations with a civil society; political institutions, processes and systems; technologies of political activity and motivation of political behavior of leaders; political aspects of international relations; national security and the establishment of supranational power structures in the nation-state. This is especially acute in the world of the COVID-19 pandemic. </em></p> <p><em>One of the ways to solve this problem, proposed by the authors of the monograph, is the digitalization of public administration by ensuring its transparency, legal responsibility for decisions and, at the same time, security.</em></p> <p><em>The authors studied modern models of public administration in different countries and in Ukraine, as well as the features of the mechanisms of public administration in certain areas of the economy: education, transport and more.</em></p> <p><em>The study of information technology in public administration has contributed to the development of mechanisms for information support of public administration in general and in individual sectors of the economy.</em></p> <p><em>Equally important are the legal aspects of public administration that support the legitimacy of the relationship between government and society.</em></p> <p><em>We hope that our monograph will help to comprehensively consider public administration in the digital economy, highlighting its various aspects.</em></p> <p><em>The materials of the monograph can be useful for civil servants, economists, managers, financiers, practitioners, scientists, doctoral students, graduate students, students and anyone else who is interested in public administration.</em></p> <p><em>&nbsp;</em><em>&nbsp;</em></p> <p><em>Sincerely, Editor-in-Chief, professor Irуna Mi</em><em>h</em><em>us</em></p> Iryna Mihus; Svitlana Greben, Oleksandr Akimov, Myroslava Olievska, Sergii Petrukha, Grygorii Monastyrskyi, Tetiana Borysova, Mariusz Barczak, Liudmyla Akimova, Volodymyr Marchenko, Alla Dombrovska, Oleksandr Zaiets, Karen Ismailov, Yana Koval, Mykhailo Laptiev, Oleksandr Zakharov, Oleksandr Korystin, Ganna Sobko, Olena Mitina Copyright (c) 2020 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/3 Fri, 06 Nov 2020 00:00:00 +0200 Corporate management: from creation to success https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/2 <p><em>Corporate governance is the most attractive research topic due to its multi-vector and constant relevance. Representing a certain contradiction of understanding and causing disputes about belonging to certain knowledge (economic, social, psychological or legal sciences), corporate governance is to some extent investigated by each of them.</em></p> <p><em>Despite extensive research previously conducted by scientists and experts, problems related to corporate governance are constantly generated by modernity and again and again arouse lively interest.</em></p> <p><em>The authors of the monograph try to solve many problems in the field of corporate governance by studying the managerial, financial and psychological aspects.</em></p> <p><em>Management aspects include a comparative analysis of existing models and categorical apparatus of corporate governance; establishing the peculiarities of the development of corporate governance in corporations and in general; formation of global infrastructure in the context of social, economic and environmental intentions.</em></p> <p><em>Due to the study of financial aspects of corporate governance, the authors of the monograph proposed the institutional infrastructure for the formation of financial support for corporations; the factors of development of digital transformation of banking and transport infrastructure of Ukraine are singled out; proposed to use "green" finance as a marker of modern corporate governance.</em></p> <p><em>An integral part of corporate governance is the psychological climate, which directly affects the well-being of corporations and their employees through a variety of activities, including training.</em></p> <p><em>We hope that our monograph will help to look at corporate governance comprehensively, covering its various aspects.</em></p> <p><em>The materials of the monograph can be useful for economists, managers, financiers, practitioners, scientists, doctoral students, graduate students, students and all others interested in corporate governance.</em></p> <p><em>&nbsp;</em></p> <p><em>Sincerely, Editor-in-Chief, professor Irуna Mi</em><em>h</em><em>us</em></p> Iryna Mihus; Vasyl Dmitrenko, Olga Sunigovets, Danyila Olijnyk, Yurii Konizhai, Zinaida Zhyvko, Iryna Hetman, Marina Derzhevetska, Liliia Kukharska, Oleksandra Liashenko, Ruslan Markov, Mykola Denysenko, Ludmila Seliverstova, Marharyta Prianyshnykova, Mykola Korolenko, Liudmyla Shemaieva, Dmytro Hladkykh, Volodymyr Shemayev, Maksym Slatvinskyi, Nataliia Gvozdej, Iryna Burlakova, Oleksiy Sheviakov; Tetiana Kondes; Nataliia Nakonechna Copyright (c) 2020 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/2 Fri, 06 Nov 2020 00:00:00 +0200 International conference on economics, accounting and finance (ICEAF) https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/5 <p><strong><em>INTRODUCTION</em></strong></p> <p><strong>&nbsp;</strong><em>The economic system is the basis of the development of any state. And economic relations between different actors directly affect the development of society as a whole.</em></p> <p><em>Economic crises that appear from time to time in different countries cannot be stopped without knowledge of economics, accounting and finance. Our conference is dedicated to these issues.</em></p> <p><em>Despite the pandemic of COVID-19, we still decided to hold our conference, which was scheduled in Prague, Czech Republic on July 02-04, 2020, but online.</em></p> <p><em>I sincerely thank all the scientists for the submitted materials and I hope that everyone enjoyed the Workshop «</em><em>BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY AND ITS ROLE IN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL PROCESSES» by Vasyl Moskov, Ph.D. (Pedagogy), Associate Professor Prague, Czech Republic.</em></p> <p><em>I hope that our International conference on economics, accounting and finance (ICEAF) will become an annual venue for discussing about economics, accounting and finance.</em></p> <p><em>As Chair of the International conference on economics, accounting and finance (ICEAF) it is my great pleasure and honor to welcome you all to the first edition of our conference!</em></p> <p><em>&nbsp;</em><em>&nbsp;</em></p> <p><em>Prague, Czech Republic</em><em> on July 02-04</em><em>, 2020</em></p> <p><em>&nbsp;</em><em>Iryna Mihus, </em><em>&nbsp;ICEAF</em><em>’2020</em> <em>&nbsp;Chair</em></p> Iryna Mihus Copyright (c) 2020 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/5 Wed, 15 Jul 2020 00:00:00 +0300 International Conference on Academic Integrity in Public Administration and Educational Institutions https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/4 <p><em><strong>INTRODUCTION</strong></em></p> <p><em>Everyone knows that the educational environment sets requirements, rules, and procedures for conducting research and starting students. It is the stakeholders of the educational environment (the state, employers, parents, students) who determine how the learning process should be built and what competencies a student should possess after graduation. All stakeholders agree that the educational process must be built on the principle of academic integrity.</em></p> <p><em>What is academic integrity?</em></p> <p><em>The answer to this question was sought by the participants of the conference.</em></p> <p><em>As it turned out, academic integrity is connected not only with issues of prevention of plagiarism in scientific works, but also with teaching at school, presentation of results of scientific works by researches, relations between teacher and student, state regulation of&nbsp;</em><em>economic,&nbsp;</em><em>education</em><em>al and other</em><em>&nbsp;relations.</em></p> <p><em>I hope that our International Conference on Academic integrity in public administration and educational institutions (APAEI) will become an annual venue for discussing&nbsp;</em><em>about&nbsp;</em><em>academic integrity.</em></p> <p><em>As Chair of the&nbsp;</em><em>International Conference on Academic integrity in public administration and educational institutions (APAEI)</em><em>&nbsp;it is my great pleasure and honor to welcome you all to the first edition of our conference!</em></p> <p><em>Kyiv-Tallinn, March 26, 2020</em></p> <p><em>Iryna Mihus, APAEI’2020 Chair</em></p> Iryna Mihus Copyright (c) 2020 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 https://mono.scnchub.com/index.php/book/catalog/book/4 Thu, 02 Apr 2020 00:00:00 +0300